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The meaning of the Holy Quʼrān
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| Main Author: | |
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| Format: | Book |
| Language: | English Arabic |
| Published: |
Beltsville, Md. :
Amana Publications,
20
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| Edition: | 11th |
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Table of Contents:
- Introductory commentary:
- Allah's purpose with man
- The light of his revelation
- The voice of unity
- Muhammed
- His mission
- His first disciples
- The task before him
- The Qur'an
- Surah 1: Al Fatihah (the opening)
- Introduction
- Surah 2: Al Baqarah (the heifer)
- Introduction and summary
- The message and the men
- Man's nature and destiny
- The children of Israel
- their privileges and backslidings
- People of the Book
- their jealousy and narrow-mindedness
- Abraham and Isma'il built the Ka'bah and founded Islam
- Creation of a new people, with Qiblah towards Makkah
- Laws for this new people, about food, blood-money, bequests, fasting, jihad, pilgrimage, charity, drink and gambling, orphans, marriage, divorce and widowhood
- Fighting in defence of truth and right: story of David and Goliath
- Nature of Allah: the "verse of the throne": no compulsion in religion; upright conduct; Abraham; charity; usury; contracts; witnesses
- All life as in presence of Allah: no burden greater than we can bear: Prayer to Allah
- Appendix I: The abbreviated letters (Al Maqatta'
- Surah 3: Al 'Imran (the family of 'Imran)
- Introduction and summary
- Confirmation of previous revelations: acceptance of faith
- Partial truths, and the completed book of god: friendship with one's own people
- Messengers from one brotherhood: birth of May, Yahya and Jesus
- Seek common principles, avoid dissembling and disputing: true religion
- Allah's help will come to those who strive, as at Badr: we must learn from our misfortunes, as at Uhud
- Dangers of indiscipline, disputes, loss of courage, or pursuit of selfish ends: glorious are the martyrs without fear
- Vain are the taunts of unbelief: Allah's promise is sure: trust in him
- Surah 4: Al Nisa (the women)
- Introduction and summary
- Unity of mankind: sacredness of sex and family relationships; women and orphans; distributions of property after death
- Crimes against sex to be rooted out; Marriage and women's rights; live in faith, charity, and kindness
- Cleanliness, purity, truth, obedience, and other virtues lead to glorious spiritual fellowship
- Rights and duties of brotherhood; fear nothing, maintain the right, and guard against hypocrites and deserters
- Sacredness of life: migrate from places hostile to Islam: precautions in prayer in time of danger
- Treachery and secrecy to be avoided: firmness and faith to be encouraged
- Justice to women and orphans and to all: be true and considerate
- Where the People of the Book went wrong: revelation continued in the Qur
- Surah 5: Al Ma'idah (the repast)
- Introduction and summary
- Obligations and duties, human and divine, are sacred and interconnected; laws of food and social intercourse
- Cleanliness and purity; justice and right conduct; trust in Allah
- How Allah's grace was withdrawn for falsity to trust and rebellion against truth
- Jealousy of Cain against Abel led to murder; crimes against individuals and communities
- Justice above men's selfish desires: be not afraid to proclaim the truth of Allah: keep away from evil, but recognise the sincere and the humble, even if not of your flock
- Avoid excess, rash vows, drinking, gambling, and superstition
- Miracles of Jesus, but he claimed no divinity
- Appendix II: On the Tawrah
- Appendix III: On the Injil
- Surah 6: Al An'am (the cattle)
- Introduction and summary
- Allah reigns in heaven and on earth; there is a hereafter
- Life of this world is empty; what is serious is the hereafter; Allah holds the keys of the unseen
- Allah's loving care encompasses us; it is his protection we should seek, and not that of anyone else
- Revelation in all ages; Qur'an a blessing and confirmation; signs of Allah in the daily pageants of nature
- Rebels against Allah are deceived and deceive each other: let us trust in Allah
- Degrees in good and evil deeds; avoid superstition and excess
- Allah's commands are not irrational taboos, but based on moral
- Surah 7: Al A'raf (the heights)
- Introduction and summary
- Revelation should ease difficulties of heart and mind: arrogance and excess at the root of evil
- Allah has forbidden evil: all good is for man's enjoyment: righteous to live in peace and fulfillment of all hope
- Noah, Hud, Salih, Lut (Lot), and Shu'ayb: how their wholesome warning was rejected, to the detriment of the rejectors
- Moses had to fight alien arrogance as well as rebellion among his own people, like the final messenger whom he prefigured
- The messenger's revelation superseded the older law
- The inborn good in man is strengthened by constant reminders from Allah; if sin has a respite, it is only for a term; judgement must come; so draw near to Allah, in humility and reverence
- Appendix IV: Egyptian chronology and Israel
- Appendix V: Egyptian religion and its steps towards Islam
- Surah 8: Al Anfal (the spoils of war)
- Introduction and summary
- The fight is not for spoils or gain, but for the cause
- Obey Allah's call, and hold all else as naught; the godless will not thrive
- The Battle of Badr differentiated truth from unbelief: its lessons
- The true man is not cowed down by odds against him: he fights not for spoils, but for truth and fa
- Surah 9: Al Tawbah (the repentance) or Bara'ah (the disavowal)
- Introduction and summary
- If the enemy treacherously breaks faith, denounce his treaty, but give time before the declaration of war: mosques are for men of faith
- Enemies of faith cannot put out Allah's light: wealth is for good use, not for hoarding: strive and struggle for Allah in a straight fight
- Believers do their duty and make no excuses: alms are for poor and needy and not for hypocrites: bliss of the righteous is in the good pleasure of Allah
- Hardest striving needed against evil: welcome all chance of service and sacrifice
- The vanguard of faith expect their reward in Allah's good pleasure: Allah's grace is free and abounding: even the erring obtain it by repentance
- Truth in word and deed is our fullest satisfaction and reward: our striving should include study and teaching, for our brethren
- Surah 10: Yunus (the prophet Jonah)
- Introduction and summary
- Allah guides the human spirit in wondrous ways, if man will have faith and put his trust in Allah; mankind is one
- All things good, beautiful, and useful are from Allah: instead of ephemeral good seek the eternal home of peace from Allah through his book
- The truth of Allah must not be shut out of our souls: revelations and prophets are sent to teach us: we must accept them and reject falsehood
- Allah works throughout his creation with mercy and justice: repent before it is too late
- Be patient and strive with constancy: Allah's plan is righteous, and for the good of his creatu
- Surah 11: Hud (the prophet Hud)
- Introduction and summary
- Ungrateful man folds up his heart and forgets how all nature points to Allah and the hereafter: Allah's message is the light that leads and the mercy that forgives
- Noah loved his people and taught and warned them, but they flouted his message: Allah's justice overtook them, but he was saved from the Flood in the Ark
- 'Ad were warned against their sins by Hud, and Thamud by Salih, but they defied Allah, and were wiped out
- The angels, on their mission of justice to the people of Lut, stopped to give good news to Abraham: the people of Lut persisted in their abominations and perished, and so did Madyan, Shu'ayb's people, for their frauds
- The same lesson is taught by the arrogance of Pharaoh, who misled his people: learn and seek mercy
- Surah 12: Yusuf (the prophet Joseph)
- Introduction and summary
- The beautiful story of Joseph (Yusuf): how envy and hate made his brothers sell him for a small price
- He was bought by a dignitary of Pharaoh's court: the wife of the dignitary burned with earthly passion and brought him into trouble: but he remained true and righteous
- He eventually become ruler of Egpt, and fought a famine in the service of his people; his brothers came, not knowing him
- Joseph asked his brethren to bring Benjamin with them next time; by a stragem he made the brethren confess their past guilt; he forgave them, and sent for his father
- Joseph's father Jacob comes to Egypt, and the whole family are reunited honourably; so Allah's plan works for g
- Surah 13: Al Ra'd (the thunder)
- Introduction and summary
- Nature proclaims the glory of Allah; lightning and thunder are signs of his might as well as of his mercy
- Those with faith are like the seeing, and those without are like the blind; Allah's promise never fails
- Men may mock, but Allah's truth will come to its own: the world's plots have no power to defeat it
- Surah 14: Ibrahim (the prophet Abraham)
- Introduction and summary
- Revelation leads from darkness to light: messengers must prevail; truth is as a goodly tree, with firm roots, spreading branches, and perennial fruit
- Evil tries to mislead: the godly should be on their guard: Abraham's prayer
- Surah 15: Al Hijr (the rocky tract)
- Introduction and sumary
- Allah will guard his truth, and is the source of all things: he is eternal
- Man's lowly origin; his rank raised by the breathing of Allah's spirit into him; gates of evil are many, but the goal of good is peace
- Allah's grace and mercy are always first, but his justice and wrath will seize those who defy his law
- Allah's most glorious gift is the Qur'an; denounce sin, but be gentle and k
- Surah 16: Al Nahl (the bees)
- Introduction and summary
- Signs and favours innumerable guide man to Allah, but arrogance misleads
- The plots of the wicked end in shame: the penalty comes in unexpected ways; for nature proclaims Allah
- Allah is one: he provides man with all the means for growth, social, moral, and spiritual
- Messengers will witness against men who reject truth: be faithful in intent and action
- Give up pride of worldly goods: Allah is with those who life in self-restraint a pure and righteous life
- Surah 17: Al Isra' (the night journey) or Bani Isra'il (the children of Israel)
- Introduction and summary
- Men of God instruct men, but each soul has personal responsibility: Allah's gifts are for all, but not the same for all
- Service of Allah is duty to man; life and trusts are sacred; pry not into evil, but avoid it
- Creation declares Allah's glory; his revelation is truth; guard your words and avoid dissension
- Roots of evil; man's preeminence gives him higher responsibility; truth will last, and falsehood perish
- Spirit of inspiration, highest gift of Allah: Qur'an teaches truth; praise the beautiful names of Al
- Surah 18: Al Kahf (the cave)
- Appendix VI: Who was Dhual Qarnayn?
- Surah 19: Maryam (Mary)
- Surah 20: Ta Ha
- Surah 21: Al Anbiya (the prophets)
- Surah 22: Al Hajj (the pilgrimage)
- Surah 23: Al Mu'minun (the believers)
- Surah 24: Al Nur (the light)
- Surah 25: Al Furqan (the criterion)
- Surah 26: Al Shu'ara' (the poets)
- Surah 27: Al Naml (the ants)
- Surah 28: Al Qasas (the narrations)
- Surah 29: Al 'Ankabut (the spider)
- Surah 30: Al Rum (the Roma
- Appendix VIII: First contact of Islam with world movements
- Appendix IX: Comparative chronology of the early years of Islam
- Surah 31: Luqman
- Surah 32: Al Sajdah (the prostration)
- Surah 33: Al Ahzab (the confederates)
- Surah 34: Saba' (Sheba)
- Surah 35: Fatir (the originator of creation)
- Surah 36: Ya Sin
- Surah 37: Al Saffat (those ranged in ranks)
- Surah 38: Sad
- Surah 39: Al Zumar (the crowds)
- Surah 40: Ghafir (forgiver) or Al Mu'min (the believers)
- Surah 41: Fussilat (expounded) or Ha Mim
- Surah 42: Al Shura (consultation)
- Surah 43: Al Zukhruf (the gold adornments)
- Surah 44: Al Dukhan (the smoke)
- Surah 45: Al Fathiyah (the kneeling down)
- Surah 46: Al Ahqaf (winding sand-tracts)
- Surah 47: Muhammad
- Surah 48: Al Fath (the victory)
- Surah 49: Al Hujurat (the chambers)
- Surah 50: Qaf
- Surah 51: Al Dhariyat (the winds that scatter)
- Surah 52: Al Tur (the mount)
- Surah 53: Al Najm (the star)
- Surah 54: Al Qamar (the moon)
- Surah 55: Al Rahman (the most gracious)
- Surah 56: Al Qaqi'ah (the inevitable)
- Surah 57: Al Hadid (iron)
- Surah 58: Al Mujadilah (the woman who pleads)
- Surah 59: Al Hashr (the mustering)
- Surah 60: Al Mumtahinah (that which examines)
- Surah 61: Al Saff (the battle array)
- Surah 62: Al Jumu'ah (Friday)
- Surah 63: Al Munafiqun (the hypocrites)
- Surah 64: Al Taghabun (the mutual loss and ga
- Surah 65: Al Talaq (divorce)
- Surah 66: Al Tahrim (prohibition)
- Surah 67: Al Mulk (the dominion)
- Surah 68: Al Qalam (the pen) or Nun
- Surah 69: Al Haqqah (the sure reality)
- Surah 70; Al Ma'arij (the ways of ascent)
- Surah 71: Nuh (the prophet Noah)
- Appendix X: Ancient forms of pagan worship
- Surah 72: Al Jinn (the spirits)
- SUrah 73: Al Muzzammil (the enfolded one)
- Surah 74: Al Muddaththir (the one wrapped up)
- Surah 75: Al Qiyamah (the resurrection)
- Surah 76: Al Insan (man), or Al Dahr (the time)
- Surah 77: Al Mursalat (those sent forth)
- Surah 78: Al Naba' (the great news)
- Surah 79: Al Nazi'at (those who tear out)
- Surah 80: 'Abasa (he frowned)
- Surah 81: Al Takwir (the folding up)
- Surah 82: Al Infitar (the cleaving asunder)
- Surah 83: Al Mutaffifin (the dealers in fraud)
- Surah 84: Al Inshiqaq (the rending asunder)
- Surah 85: Al Buruj (the constellations)
- Surah 86: Al Tariq (the night star)
- Surah 87: Al A'la (the most high)
- Surah 88: Al Ghashiyah (the overwhelming event)
- Surah 89: Al Fajr (the dawn)
- Surah 90: Al Balad (the city)
- Surah 91: Al Shams (the sun)
- Surah 92: Al Layl (the night)
- Surah 93: Al Duha (the glorious morning lig
- Surah 94: Al Sharh or Al Inshirah (the expansion of the breast)
- Surah 95: Al T'in (the fig)
- Surah 96: Al 'Alaq (the clinging clot) or Inqra' (read!)
- Surah 97: Al Qadr (the night of power or honour)
- Surah 98: Al Bayyinah (the clear evidence)
- Surah 99: Al Zalzalah (the earthquake)
- Surah 100 Al 'Adiyat (those that run)
- Surah 101: Al Qari'ah (the great calamity)
- Surah 102: Al Takathur (the piling up)
- Surah 103: Al 'Asr (time through the ages)
- Appendix XI: Oaths and adjurations in the Qur'an
- Surah 104: Al Humazah (the scandalmonger)
- Surah 105: Al Fil (the elephant)
- Surah 106: Quraysh (the tribe of Quraysh)
- Surah 107: Al Ma'un (the neighborly assistance)
- Surah 108: Al Kawthar (the abundance)
- Surah 109: Al Kafirun (those who reject faith)
- Surah 110: Al Nasr (the help)
- Surah 111: Al Masad (the plaited rope) or Al Lahab (the flame)
- Surah 112: Al Ikhlas (the purity of faith)
- Surah 113: Al Falaq (the daybreak)
- Surah 114: Al Nas (manki